Syrian refugees in Lebanon top 100,000

Syria-refugees
BEIRUT -- The number of Syrian refugees has now exceeded 100,000 in Lebanon, the third country in the region to pass that mark, the United Nations refugee agency said Tuesday.

Thousands of Syrians continue to flee into neighboring countries as daily death tolls from the 19-month uprising often top 150 amid no prospects for an end to the conflict. An attempt by Lakhdar Brahimi, the U.N. and Arab League envoy to Syria, to broker a cease-fire for the upcoming Muslim holiday of Eid al-Adha is widely viewed as unlikely to succeed.

More than 100,000 Syrians have registered or are waiting for registration with the U.N. in Lebanon, but the actual number on the ground is likely much higher.

Activists in Lebanon say that some Syrians, most of whom are Sunni Muslims, have been wary of making their presence known in a country with ongoing Sunni-Shiite tensions. In August, a powerful Shiite Muslim family in the Bekaa Valley kidnapped dozens of Syrians in response to the abduction of a family member in nearby Syria.

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Lebanese army warns against violence amid tensions

Lebanon-army
This post has been updated. See the notes below.

BEIRUT — The Lebanese army moved Monday to quell unrest following an outbreak of clashes in the aftermath of the politically charged funeral of a police official assassinated in a car bomb attack.

The army vowed to use “decisive measures" to insure stability and warned that security was a “red line” not to be breached. The military urged all parties to exercise restraint.

The armed forces generally command respect across Lebanon’s sectarian fault lines. But the nation is also home to sundry armed militias allied with political and religious factions.

Overnight clashes were reported in Beirut and the northern city of Tripoli, which has become a battleground for armed groups on opposing sides of the conflict in neighboring Syria. At least three people were killed in Tripoli, the national news service reported. The army said it shot and killed a man who opened fire on a patrol in the capital.

[Updated Oct. 22, 2:20 p.m.: Sniper fire reportedly continued in Tripoli during the day, raising the death toll to four. In Beirut, troops in armored vehicles were taking up positions at some strategic intersections and roads in districts where rival gunmen have engaged in skirmishes.]

The situation remained tense and some parents were said to have kept their children home from school, fearing more violence.

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Clashes in Beirut follow funeral for slain police official

Clashes in Beirut follow funeral for slain police official
BEIRUT -- A politically charged funeral for a slain police intelligence chief devolved into clashes in the heart of the Lebanese capital Sunday as angry mourners tried to storm the prime minister’s office but were pushed back by troops.

Soldiers used tear gas and fired shots in the air to disperse the enraged crowd of several hundred -- mostly young men, some wielding sticks.

The clashes followed a somber and peaceful funeral for Gen. Wissam Hassan, the police intelligence chief assassinated Friday in a car bomb in a upscale Beirut neighborhood.

Authorities initially said eight people were killed in Friday's explosion, but have since reduced the death toll to three, including the police official and a bodyguard.

The car bombing — the first significant attack in the Lebanese capital in four years — has outraged opponents of Lebanon’s government and resulted in calls for the nation's ruling coalition to resign. The incident has also raised tensions in a nation with deep religious and political divides and a history of sectarian conflict.

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Lebanese intelligence chief among the dead in Beirut car bombing

Lebanon bombing
BEIRUT -- A top Lebanese intelligence official was among the eight people killed by a car bomb that exploded Friday in a bustling central district of the Lebanese capital -- igniting fears that spillover violence from neighboring Syria may inflame sectarian tensions in Lebanon.

Hours after the midafternoon blast, which also left scores injured, authorities confirmed to the press that the dead included Col. Wissam al-Hassan,  intelligence chief for the Internal Security Forces. Hassan  was allied with a political bloc that is a  fierce opponent of the government of Syrian President Bashar Assad.

News of Hassan’s killing immediately signaled that the blast was a well-planned, professional assassination -- not a random bombing or a “message” attack, as some had initially speculated.

His killing signals a potentially perilous moment for Lebanon, with its weak central government and deep sectarian fissures. Many feared the attack could trigger new violence across Lebanon's sectarian fault line.

Lebanese  protesting the attack took to the streets of several areas, burning tires and blocking roads. Gunfire was reported in the flashpoint northern Lebanese city of Tripoli, site of frequent clashes between supporters and opponents of Syrian President Assad.

Hassan was a loyalist of Lebanon’s adamantly anti-Assad “March 14” coalition, a leading Sunni Muslim-led  faction said  to have close ties to Washington. The March 14 grouping stands in opposition to the current Lebanese government, which is backed by Hezbollah, the Shiite militant group and loyal ally of Assad. Leaders of March 14 have publicly accused Assad of trying to sow violence in Lebanon in a bid to shift attention away from his military campaign against armed opponents inside Syria.

Rumors swirled Friday that Hassan worked closely with the Syrian opposition, which has a strong presence in Lebanon. But there was no immediate confirmation that Hassan had any direct role with the Syrian armed groups seeking to oust Assad.

The assassinated security official did play  a central role in the incendiary, Syria-linked case of former Lebanese Information Minister Michel Samaha.  The former Lebanese parliamentarian was arrested in August on charges of colluding with Syria to conduct terror attacks in Lebanon. Samaha is reported to have a close personal relationship with Syrian President Assad.  Allies of Samaha condemned the arrest as political in nature.

In his security role, Hassan  also gave evidence to a tribunal investigating the  assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri, killed in a massive 2005 truck  bombing in Beirut. Last year, the tribunal indicted four Hezbollah operatives in Hariri’s  killing. Hezbollah and its  Syrian allies have denied any involvement in the killing of the prime minister and said evidence against its members was fabricated.

Following Friday’s explosion, several  opposition politicians  in Lebanon immediately blamed Syria, and the Lebanese government vowed  a thorough investigation. But many Lebanese were skeptical that the killers would ever be brought to justice in a nation where so many political killings have never been resolved.

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Bomb blast in Beirut kills at least 8

 
BEIRUT -- A midday explosion rocked a busy commercial area of Beirut on Friday, leaving at least eight dead and 78 injured in the Lebanese capital, according to official and media reports.

There were some reports that the explosion may have occurred inside a building, but the official Lebanese news agency reported that the blast was from a car bomb and that there were "numerous casualties."

There was no immediate word on who was responsible for the blast. Nor was it clear what site may have been targeted.

PHOTOS: Bomb blast in Beirut

Video from the scene painted a panorama of chaos, as the injured were led away and people tried to determine the fate of loved ones. In one clip, a man carried an injured young girl away from the scene.

Black smoke hung over the district and thick flames arose from the site of the explosion. Firefighters with hoses tried to douse the blaze. Police cordoned off the area, making access difficult for journalists.

Damaged cars and blown-out storefronts were evident in the video from the scene, near Sassine Square in the Achrafiyeh district, the city’s signature Christian neighborhood. The bustling, landmark square is the site of many cafes, shops and residential buildings, and is a popular meeting spot. The blast occurred in the middle of the afternoon, when the zone was filled with pedestrians and motorists.

The explosion stunned the Lebanese capital, which witnessed a bloody civil war that ended in 1990, and immediately stoked new fears that the explosion could be linked to the ongoing violence in neighboring Syria. The conflict has split Lebanon, with some groups supporting rebels trying to overthrow Syrian President Bashar Assad and other Lebanese factions backing his regime.

There has been some spillover violence into Lebanon, but such incidents have mostly been limited to the border areas, where shelling, kidnappings and gunfights have occurred.

Lebanon's punishing, sectarian-tinged civil war lasted for 15 years until a peace plan was put into place. Syrian troops remained in Lebanon until 2005, when outrage about the assassination of a former Lebanese Prime Minister, Rafik Hariri forced their withdrawal. The Syrian government and its ally, Hezbollah, the Shiite militant group, denied any role in the 2005 assassination of Hariri, who was killed in a massive truck-bomb blast in Beirut.

Lebanon's government remains a fragile mixture of often rival groups linked to religious and political factions. Still, the country has been relatively stable and recently hosted a visit from the pope, an event that went off without incident and drew huge crowds.

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Hezbollah claims responsibility for drone shot down in Israel

Hezbollah claims responsibility for drone shot down in Israel
JERUSALEM -- The leader of Hezbollah in Lebanon said Thursday that his group was responsible for dispatching a unmanned drone that was shot down last week over Israel.

Hezbollah chief Hassan Nasrallah said in a televised address that the drone successfully flew over "sensitive installations" in Israel, exposing what some say were weaknesses in Israel’s air defenses.

Israeli officials, who earlier in the day accused Hezbollah of sending the drone, said they began tracking the drone over the Mediterranean Ocean before it crossed into Israel. They said they allowed it to fly over land only in order to shoot it down in an unpopulated area. The drone was not armed, Israeli officials said, but intended to conduct surveillance.

Earlier Thursday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu warned that Israel would “act with determination to defend its borders.”

In a similar incident in 2006, Israel shot down two unmanned drones sent by Hezbollah to northern Israel.

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Photo: An image grab from Hezbollah's Al Manar TV shows Hassan Nasrallah, the head of Lebanon's militant Shiite movement, delivering a televised speech in Beirut on Thursday. Credit: Al Manar


Lebanon blasts kill three in Hezbollah stronghold

BEIRUT -- At least three people were killed Wednesday in a series of explosions in a rural stronghold of the militant group Hezbollah in eastern Lebanon, according to news reports.

The cause of the blasts in the Bekaa Valley was not immediately clear. Some media reports suggested that the explosions occurred in a weapons depot of Hezbollah, which maintains a vast but largely hidden arsenal.

There was no immediate comment from Hezbollah, which is labeled a terrorist group by the United States but is a legal and dominant force in Lebanese politics.

The official Lebanese news agency said three people were killed and three wounded in the explosions. The news agency reported three separate blasts in a mountainous area south of the regional center of Baalbek. The zone is infamous as a center of arms and drug smuggling and kidnapping-for-ransom gangs.

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On the road to Damascus: Thirsty guards, bribes and menace

A Times special correspondent recently traveled via car between Beirut and Damascus, Syria. This is her account of the trip. She has not been identified for safety's sake.

DAMASCUS -- The road to Damascus from the Lebanese border, a distance of about 50 miles, featured six checkpoints, sometimes only a few minutes' drive apart. There are scores of additional checkpoints within the city limits of the Syrian capital.

The behavior of checkpoint personnel ranges from nonchalant to sinister. Thirsty guards regularly solicit bottles of cold water from drivers. Some take small bribes to allow produce to pass through.

The guards, typically young conscripts in uniform, follow a familiar drill: They check ID and ask drivers to open trunks for cursory looks.

At one checkpoint, my driver, a gregarious sort with a wry sense of humor, was chuckling after opening the trunk. “They’re in the next car over,” he informed the smiling conscript.

The guard had asked, half jokingly: “Where are the weapons?”

The question is not always put in jest. Lebanon is a major source of smuggled arms destined for Syrian rebels.

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Hezbollah leader joins protest against film in Beirut

Hezbollah leader Sheik Hassan NasrallahBEIRUT -- The head of Lebanon’s powerful Hezbollah movement appeared Monday at a massive rally assailing the United States and warning that broadcast of a film produced in California mocking Islam could have grave consequences.

“America must understand that releasing the entire film will have dangerous, very dangerous repercussions around the world,”  an emotional Sheik Hassan Nasrallah, Hezbollah’s secretary-general, told supporters gathered in a Beirut suburb.

The appearance suggested that Hezbollah, an influential political and military force in Lebanon, is determined to place itself in the vanguard of global Muslim outrage against the incendiary film.

Monday’s anti-U.S. rally here was among a string of demonstrations in Muslim communities, from Tunis to Jakarta, following the release on the Internet of a trailer for the amateur, privately produced film, which ridicules the prophet Muhammad and the Islamic faith.

Tens of thousands of pro-Hezbollah supporters attended the rally in the Dahiyeh district, a stronghold of the group.

The rally was boisterous but peaceful and occurred far from the heavily fortified U.S. Embassy. Demonstrations elsewhere in the Muslim world have targeted U.S. diplomatic missions.

The participation of Nasrallah, who is seldom seen in public, reportedly because he fears assassination, underscored Hezbollah’s apparent determination to use the outrage over the film to bolster its standing as a moral force in the Arab world. The group’s strong backing of the government of Syrian President Bashar Assad, who is battling an uprising, has cost it considerable support among Arabs.

On Sunday, a Hezbollah-controlled television station, Al Manar, reported that Nasrallah regarded the issue of the film as “more serious than what’s going on in Syria” — a position disputed by Syrians and others who say Assad's forces have killed of thousands of civilians.

Hezbollah is a Shiite Muslim group with close ties to Iran, a predominately Shiite nation, and to Assad, a member of Syria’s Alawite minority, a Shiite offshoot. Most Syrians are members of the far more populous Sunni branch of Islam.

While deeply divided on the issue of Syria, Sunni and Shiite groups have both condemned the film.

During Monday’s rally, Nasrallah demanded that the United States and the international community block release of the full film. He insisted that the trailer should no longer be available on the Internet and called for a boycott of websites that show it.

In his comments Sunday, the Hezbollah chief dismissed as “hypocrisy, deception and double standards” the Western arguments that blocking the video would violate freedom of speech. He called for “an international resolution criminalizing the defamation of heavenly religions.”

The U.S. classifies Hezbollah as a terrorist organization. Hezbollah says it leads the global resistance to  Israel.

While anti-U.S. protests focusing on the film erupted last week, Hezbollah held off on its public broadsides until the end of a three-day visit to Lebanon by Pope Benedict XVI, who left Beirut on Sunday evening. Nasrallah lauded the pope’s visit as “historic and extraordinary,” and Hezbollah members participated in festivities associated with the visit.

More Hezbollah-organized rallies denouncing the United States and the video are scheduled for this week elsewhere in Lebanon.

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Photo: Hezbollah leader Sheik Hassan Nasrallah speaks to a crowd during a rally in suburban Beirut denouncing an anti-Islam film. Credit: Hussein Malla / Associated Press.


In Lebanon, pope calls on Christians, Muslims to join to end war

Pope (2)

BEIRUT –- Pope Benedict XVI called on Christians and Muslims on Saturday to forge a common front against warfare, even as battles raged in neighboring Syria and the new U.N. peace envoy to that country conceded that the situation there was deteriorating.

“It is time for Muslims and Christians to come together so as to put an end to violence and war,” Benedict, 85, told an enthusiastic youth gathering on the second day of his three-day visit to Lebanon.

The pontiff spoke directly to young Syrians who were in attendance, singling them out for praise. “I want to say how much I admire your courage,” Benedict told them. His comments come a day after the pontiff condemned the sale of arms to Syria as a “grave sin.”

Benedict, the leader of the world's Roman Catholics, arrived here Friday as protests broke out in several Arab nations following the Internet distribution of a U.S.-made video that ridiculed the prophet Muhammad. In the northern Lebanese city of Tripoli, one person was killed as demonstrators burned down a U.S. fast-food outlet Friday and chanted anti-American and anti-papal slogans.

Still, the pope’s presence here was warmly embraced by all religious factions. Hezbollah, the Shiite Muslim militant group labeled a terrorist organization by the United States, lauded the papal visit as “extraordinary and historic.”

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