Reading L.A.: Introducing a yearlong project [Updated]

Los Angeles, with its car-dominated landscape and unusually dense brand of sprawl, can be a slippery place to get a handle on. As the architect Charles Moore put it in the introduction to "The City Observed: Los Angeles," the 1984 guidebook he wrote with Peter Becker and Regula Campbell, L.A. requires "an altogether different plan of attack" -- on the part of architects, historians and critics alike -- than more traditionally organized cities do.

L.A.'s champions, critics and chroniclers have come up with a remarkably diverse collection of such plans of attack over the decades, some building atop the ones that came before and others wholly, even radically new. Making sense of them is among the major goals of Reading L.A., a yearlong project I'll be kicking off this month and that will appear throughout 2011 on Culture Monster. I'll be reading through 25 of the most significant books on Southern California architecture and urbanism, moving chronologically and posting a series of brief essays as I go.

In large part, I see the project as a way to take a new and detailed look at the major works in the L.A. canon -- books by Carey McWilliams, Reyner Banham, Mike Davis and others that, paradoxically enough, have become so well-established that some of their original ambition and power have faded. (A book's influence can be blinding, as I learned recently when I reread the Jane Jacobs classic "The Death and Life of Great American Cities" and discovered a book very different from the one both her champions and critics seem to remember.) But I'll also take detours to include lesser-known books by authors such as Richard Meltzer, David Brodsly and William Alexander McClung.

The schedule is straightforward: I'll be reading two books per month over the course of the year, plus one extra thrown in along the way, for a total of 25. We'll begin, this month, with a pair of classics: Louis Adamic's "The Truth About Los Angeles," published in 1927, and the efficiently titled "Los Angeles," by Morrow Mayo, from 1933. The full list follows at the end of this post.

In an effort to keep the project from sprawling from 25 books to 40 or even 50, I reluctantly decided not to include fiction or any of the many anthologies on L.A.'s urban and architectural character. (One exception is the volume Elizabeth A.T. Smith put together on the history and legacy of the Case Study program; with a list of contributors including historians Thomas Hines and Kevin Starr and the critic Esther McCoy, it was impossible to pass up.) I do plan to pause along the way for posts considering how essayists, novelists, poets, screenwriters and playwrights have treated the built landscape of Los Angeles.

By the end of the year, I hope to have a better handle on how L.A. architecture and urbanism have been explored by the critics and writers who preceded me here. But the idea is not just to look back but also forward, since the suburban L.A. that many of the writers on my list took as their essential subject, with its wide-open freeways and neighborhoods anchored by the single-family house, is gone or at least dying a slow and difficult death. I'll be sifting through insights in an effort to discover new ways to think and write about the city as the urban landscape grows more crowded and our definitions of community, mobility and architectural innovation continue to shift.

Another goal is simply to fix a spotlight on the city and keep it there for a full 12 months. Compared with  other American cities, Los Angeles has never been particularly interested in examining or talking about itself. To an extent, this has been part of its appeal to newcomers, since the city -- compared with London, say, or Boston -- can seem free from the weight of history and the watchful or judgmental gaze of community expectation. But as L.A. lurches toward a denser future, one where complete anonymity will perhaps be tougher to find, it faces a number of fundamental decisions about what kind of place it wants to be. In that context, its determined refusal to look closely at itself can be a major liability.

Reading L.A. is not organized as a formal book club -- a few of the titles, after all, are not just out of print but also nearly impossible to find. (Many are available at the L.A. public library.) But I encourage readers who are interested to join me in all or part of it. I should also stress that the list of 25 is hardly set in stone: If you're surprised to see that I've left out one of your favorite books on the city and its architecture, or you think one or more titles I've included seems out of place, by all means let me know in the Culture Monster comments or by e-mailing christopher.hawthorne@latimes.com.

All the blog posts on the project will appear under the heading Reading L.A., and I'll mark all discussion of it on my Twitter feed (twitter.com/hawthornelat) with the hash-tag #readingLA. I look forward to your suggestions, complaints and ideas as the project moves forward. See you on the blog.

Here is the full list of books by month:

January: "The Truth About Los Angeles," by Louis Adamic (1927) and "Los Angeles," by Morrow Mayo (1933).

February: "Southern California: An Island on the Land," by Carey McWilliams (1946) and "Five California Architects," by Esther McCoy (1960).

March: "Eden in Jeopardy: Man's Prodigal Meddling With the Environment," by Richard Lillard (1966) and "The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles 1850-1930,"  by Robert M. Fogelson (1967).

April: "Los Angeles: The Architecture of Four Ecologies," by Reyner Banham (1971) and "Guide to the Ugliest Buildings of Los Angeles," by Richard Meltzer (1980).

May: "L.A Freeway: An Appreciative Essay," by David Brodsly (1981) and "Richard Neutra and the Search for Modern Architecture," by Thomas Hines (1982).

June: "Cadillac Desert: The American West and Its Disappearing Water," by Marc Reisner (1986) and "City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles," by Mike Davis (1990).

July: "Heteropolis: Los Angeles, the Riots and the Strange Beauty of Hetero-Architecture," by Charles Jencks (1993); "Holy Land: A Suburban Memoir," by D.J. Waldie (1996); and "The History of Forgetting: Los Angeles and the Erasure of Memory," by Norman M. Klein (1997).

August: "Blueprints for Modern Living: History and Legacy of the Case Study Houses," edited by Elizabeth A.T. Smith (1999) and "Magnetic Los Angeles: Planning the Twentieth-Century Metropolis," by Greg Hise (1999).

September: "Eden by Design: The 1930 Olmsted-Bartholomew Plan for the Los Angeles Region," edited by Hise and William Deverell (2000) and "The Drive-In, the Supermarket, and the Transformation of Commercial Space in Los Angeles, 1914-41," by Richard Longstreth (2000). [For the record: An earlier version of this post misstated the title of the Longstreth book.]

October: "Glitter Stucco and Dumpster Diving: Reflections on Building Production in the Vernacular City," by John Chase (2000) and "Landscapes of Desire: Anglo Mythologies of Los Angeles," by William Alexander McClung (2000).

November: "Reluctant Metropolis: The Politics of Urban Growth in Los Angeles," by William Fulton (2001) and "Form Follows Libido: Architecture and Richard Neutra in a Psychoanalytic Culture," by Sylvia Lavin (2005).

December: "Making Time: Essays on the Nature of Los Angeles," by William Fox (2006) and "Reinventing Los Angeles: Nature and Community in the Global City," by Robert Gottlieb (2007).

--Christopher Hawthorne

Photo: The Los Angeles skyline is obscured by smoke from wildfires during 2008. Credit: David McNew / Getty Images

Comments

[Larkspur]

Fantastic idea! Looking forward to it.

[LA MapNerd]

I'm looking forward to this. I already own about half of these books, and am eager to hear more about the ones I don't have.

(One note, though - shouldn't the Longstreth volume be "The Drive-In, the Supermarket..." rather than "The Drive-In, the Boulevard..."? Or is there a variant title I'm not aware of?)

[Jessica]

you should do one for fiction!

[The TJ]

I applaud this effort and will certainly track this. You might want to include William David Estrada, The Los Angeles Plaza: Sacred and Contested Space (2008); and Deverell's White-Washed Adobe.

[Christopher Hawthorne]

LA MapNerd, you're right re the Longstreth title. We'll fix that.

[Cory Wilkerson]

This is great. I would add the Provisional City by Dana Cuff to the list, but I do very much love the dozen or so of those books that I have already read... count me in.

[phebe sievers]

Great idea!!I'm looking forward to reading some of the books!!Los Angeles is lucky to have you here.

[David Kipen, Libros Schmibros]

Count me in, everybody. If it's not too late to plump for another classic, the indispensable "WPA Guide to the City of Angels" gets a classy reissue this March from the University of California Press (http://www.ucpress.edu/book.php?isbn=9780520268838). OK, OK, I wrote the introduction, but still...

And I appreciate the chronological approach as a way of exploring how thought about the city has evolved, but isn't it a shame to start with two titles I can't even read on GoogleBooks? Does anybody know where I can find copies?

[Mark Elliot]

I think what's missing here is an in-person (fancy that!) book discussion forum. Once per month can't be too hard to manage. If attendees prepare a 1-paragraph statement about the two books, perhaps contrasting them or relating them to books already covered, we can get a good conversation going.

[Christopher Hawthorne]

Thanks for the comments and suggestions, everybody. To David Kipen's point about the first couple of books being hard to find, that is an issue, I agree; but after much thought as I was putting my list together I came to the conclusion that the Adamic, in particular, has far been too influential on writers who followed to leave out. Maybe this effort will be the push it needs to find a way back into print (or at the very least into more libraries). Next month's books -- Carey McWilliams and Esther McCoy -- are much easier to find...

[henry]

It could be that an aspect of this project is based on your following fiction: "Compared with other American cities, Los Angeles has never been particularly interested in examining or talking about itself...But as L.A. lurches toward a denser future, one where complete anonymity will perhaps be tougher to find, it faces a number of fundamental decisions about what kind of place it wants to be. In that context, its determined refusal to look closely at itself can be a major liability." There are vast types of archives which indicate L.A. has been an object of analysis. Projecting an abstraction called "the city Los Angeles" as in denial seems a conceit straight out of a therapeutic model. Could I suggest you dispense with these books and do a systematic analysis of power in los angeles, e.g. how what gets built (and not) gets built, etc. etc.?

[Liza]

Go to http://www.worldcat.org/ to see if a library near you has any of these books. Most of these titles I found in nearby public library branches. The only one that I didn''t find as accessible is "The Truth About Los Angeles," by Louis Adamic.

[Olivier Lepinoy]

I am also very much looking forward to reading this. I read 5 books in the list, which is not too bad for a french, living in Paris. Don't count me in, I won't be able to keep pace.
Please consider TV series in your posts about fictions. I'd love to read how you look at "Boomtown", "Southland", "High Incident", "24",...
It would also be interesting to explore how the works of the great architects are sometimes very different from how "champions and critics" seem to remember...

[Larry Harnisch]

Interestingly enough, I've written a bit about (George) Morrow Mayo and plan to spend some time on "Los Angeles" (a jaunty and influential but problematic book) this year on The Times' Daily Mirror blog.

Cheers,

Larry

[Harry Martin]

Where do I find the books on line?

[Frank Gruber]

"Compared with other American cities, Los Angeles has never been particularly interested in examining or talking about itself." Isn't this statement -- a classic mantra of people who don't understand L.A. -- belied by the 25 books on the list (and the many, not to mention all the fiction and movies, not on the list)?

[John Crosse]

Great idea Christopher. I will be following along closely. I did a companion piece at http://so-cal-arch-history.com/archives/1760 adding a few of my faves as well. I hope this stirs up a lot of debate.

[John Crandell]

And nothing, no discernment from the standpoint of place and memory - i.e. history of place. From whence did we come? What happened here? We need topoleptic and quasi-archaeologic specificity and all of the titles excepting McWilliams very much lack this aspect. The city is so extended and how the hell can one capture it all in one go?

Fogelson's book in particular is so dry and soulless and systematically gawd awful!

As Kevin Starr has said, the foremost word regards words on L.A. is the question of the acute void and disregard of the city's earlier history. After all, it all began with cinema, right?

[mlh]

Great project. Yes the two early books are mostly impossible to access. But as a 62 year-old resident of Los Angeles I relish the idea of reading these selections.

Hey Henry. What is your problem?

John Crandell. "Topoleptic Specificity" ???? Get a life and bury you Thesaurus.

Oh, by the way my father is an 85 year-old born in L.A. He could tell you plenty about this amazing city's history to fill your "acute void".

[John Crandell]

Topolepsy: an obsession with place. Place and memory.

Klein remarks that L.A. may be the world's most commented upon city, yet the specifics of its history are the most forgotten, rendering it the most forgotten city on the planet. Near two hundred and thirty years of history and most of it is hidden in the glare of entertainment. A focus upon all of this history via a sense of place begs specific topography, memory, mining the past, tying history to place. A host of marvelous stories await those who mine specific topographies.